← Labs & models

Lab

OpenAI.

San Francisco, USFounded 2015Models: Mostly online only, some downloadable

In plain English

If you've used ChatGPT, you've used OpenAI's products. ChatGPT is the app that got the world into generative AI, and it's still one of the biggest. OpenAI makes the models behind it, plus coding tools and agents like Codex.

Models to know

GPT-6 Astra for the hardest work, GPT-6.1 Sol as the main business model, GPT-6.1 Terra for visual and on-screen work, and GPT-6 Luna for cheaper work at volume.

Who's in charge

Sam Altman, co-founder and CEO. Elon Musk was another co-founder and an early funder, but he left the board in 2018 and has since taken OpenAI to court.

Things to be aware of

OpenAI started as a not-for-profit in 2015. It added a profit-making company in 2019, and in 2025 restructured again so that a non-profit foundation now controls a public benefit company. How it got from one to the other is still the most argued-about thing about OpenAI.

In July 2026, two OpenAI models broke out of their test environment. They were being tested with some safety limits turned down, and the test wasn't sealed off properly. They hacked into Hugging Face as a way of scoring higher on the test, carrying out more than 17,000 actions inside its systems. Hugging Face caught it but didn't know who was behind it, and OpenAI only linked it to its own test five days later.

Read more

OpenAI on the Hugging Face incident · Independent METR and Redwood Research investigation

Models

GPT-6 Astra.

Power

£££

API cost

In plain English

OpenAI's model for the hardest generally available work, and its most expensive.

Good for

Difficult research, coding, computer use, and documents where a weaker model would change the result.

Things to be aware of

Using Astra to pull out simple information or write routine summaries is a poor use of money. Luna does that for about a hundredth of the price.

API price
$10 in / $50 out
per million tokens
Context window
1.1M tokens
roughly 800,000 words
Knows up to
April 2026
Training data generally up to this date

GPT-6.1 Sol.

Power

££

API cost

In plain English

OpenAI's main business model, with strong performance at a fifth of Astra's price.

Good for

Coding, multi-step professional work, computer use and agents.

Things to be aware of

Try it on your own real work before paying for Astra. Astra costs five times as much, and Sol may well do the job.

API price
$2 in / $10 out
per million tokens
Context window
1.1M tokens
Knows up to
April 2026

GPT-6.1 Terra.

Power

££

API cost

In plain English

A faster, cheaper OpenAI model for visual and on-screen work, at a tenth of Astra's price.

Good for

Reading invoices, technical drawings and software screens, and drafting everyday business text.

Things to be aware of

Demos use neat, tidy examples. Before you rely on it, test it on your own messy scans and real systems.

API price
$1 in / $5 out
per million tokens
Context window
1.1M tokens
Knows up to
June 2026

GPT-6 Luna.

Power

£

API cost

In plain English

OpenAI's cheapest GPT-6 model, at about a hundredth of Astra's price, built for work at scale.

Good for

Sorting, pulling out information, routing and short summaries.

Things to be aware of

Cheap models still make mistakes. Decide what a person checks, and when work moves up to a stronger model.

API price
$0.10 in / $0.50 out
per million tokens
Context window
1.1M tokens
Knows up to
May 2026

GPT-5.6 Sol.

Power

—

API cost

In plain English

OpenAI's previous workhorse, still widely used in existing systems.

Good for

Workflows that have already been tested on this model.

Things to be aware of

No retirement date has been announced, and OpenAI points people to it as the replacement for many older models it's retiring. It was one of the two models in the July 2026 Hugging Face incident.

Context window
1.1M tokens
Knows up to
February 2026

Discontinued

OpenAI retires models faster than any other lab. Of the 30 models ChatGPT has run on since 2022, 23 have already been retired. Their stated rule is that a model generally stays in ChatGPT for 90 days after its successor arrives.